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by Will Koulouris
SYDNEY http://www.warriorsofficialsshop.com/kids-draymond-green-warriors-jersey/ , Sept. 1 (Xinhua) -- A team of researchers led by Australians have finally solved the puzzle on Friday and answered why leaf sizes are different for all plants around the globe.
The worldwide team, headed by Professor Ian Wright from Macquarie University in Australia, utilized "big data" sets for thousands of species around the globe http://www.warriorsofficialsshop.com/kids-david-west-warriors-jersey/ , and from every continent with vegetation, to discover the secret to why plants have different sized leaves.
The study found that it was the cold, and not heat that was the determining factor for the size of leaves http://www.warriorsofficialsshop.com/kids-damian-jones-warriors-jersey/ , as larger leaves have thicker "boundary layers" of still air, that slows their ability to absorb heat from their environment - with that heat compensating for the energy lost to the night sky.
Using the modelling, the scientists were able to conclude that the changes between daytime and nighttime leaf-to-air temperatures were the key metric that applies when assessing the size of leaves in the environment.
"This is pointed out first of all maybe a century ago but not until now have we had a comprehensive explanation for what's going on with the world's leaves in relation to site climate http://www.warriorsofficialsshop.com/kids-chris-mullin-warriors-jersey/ ," Wright said.
Wright told Xinhua on Friday that the study used a method called "first principles modelling" of the energy balance of leaves, and was the result of a worldwide collaboration between scientists in a variety of different disciplines.
"International collaboration is at the heart of this style of research. At every level. So the data sets that we put together come from all around the world contributed by many collaborators and including our own field work, and in the team we had ecologists http://www.warriorsofficialsshop.com/kids-andre-iguodala-warriors-jersey/ , physiologists and theoreticians, and paleobotanists - so a whole range of different people," Wright said
"The modelling team for example was lead by one colleague from the U.K. Zaza Pachulia Jersey , and two colleagues from China, and they really drove that part of the work forward."
Leaf size which can vary 1 million fold in size - from as small as one square millimeter to one square meter - and scientists have long sought to discover the secret as to what causes the dramatic differences, with traditional thinking being that in wetter environments leaves are larger Wilt Chamberlain Jersey , while in hotter environments leaves would be smaller.
"This is true but it doesn't explain why we get so very large leaves in very warm and wet places, because on the face of it you expect smaller leaves in other places so it doesn't really explain what is happening in the tropics," Wright said.
Wright contends that knowing why leaves vary in size is crucial for a variety of different scientific endeavors Tim Hardaway Jersey , including one of the main focuses of researchers around the world - climate change.
"We have a type of model called vegetation models, where we predict the way that vegetation will change under climate change so we should be able to do a better job of modelling these changes and the individual species to the way that their ranges may change with climate change," Wright said.
"There's also the possibility for using this to analyze the past as well as the future. So there's a whole community of scientists who use fossils to try and understand the climate of the past."
"With a better understanding of the way the leaf size relates to the site climate we should be able to reconstruct climates in the past going back millions of years Stephen Curry Jersey ," Wright said.
BRATISLAVA， Aug. 31 (Xinhua) -- Arpad Ersek from the Most-Hid party was appointed as the new Slovak transport， construction and regional development minister by President Andrej Kiska on Wednesday.
Ersek replaced Roman Brecely from Siet party， who resigned from the post on Monday.
The changes in the governing coalition come as five members of parliament from Siet resigned. Most-Hid is now assuming posts at individual ministries hitherto held by Siet.
Moreover， the coalition of Smer-SD， SNS， Most-Hid and Siet has dropped the latter to become a three-party coalition.
Under Brecely， Ersek served as the ministry's state secretary. He held the same post under former transport minister Jan Figel (2010-12) as well.
Ersek's self-proclaimed main tasks as transport minister include launching preparations of project documents for roads that are needed the most in Slovakia.
He said that it was a big mistake to neglect the construction of the R7， R2， R3 and R4 expressways， which will connect Northern and Eastern Slovakia with the richest part of the country in the West.
ST. PETERSBURG, Sept. 21 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. wants to bury the Nord Stream 2 project and presses on the EU to get it done, the Prime Minister of Russia Dmitry Medvedev said on Thursday after meeting here with Prime Minister of Finland Juha Sipila.
TASS reports that Medvedev criticized the position of the European Commission on the Nord Stream 2. He said that its intention to make Russia sign a separate agreement on the project is unacceptable in terms of equal treatment for all investors.
"Nord Stream 2" is a project of the second natural gas pipeline from Russia to Germany that runs along the bottom of the Baltic Sea.
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